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GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS |
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Write down the technology used in first generation computers? Vacuum tubes and magnetic drums
State 5 disadvantages of first generation computers. · It is slow · It gets heated very quickly · Too much electricity used · Expensive to operate · Difficult to maintain
Explain inputs and outputs in the first and second generation computer. First and second generation inputs were done by punch cards and outputting was done by printouts.
Write three advantages of second generations computers. · More reliable · Smaller · Faster
In third generation computers became more popular than first and second. Explain why? Computer for the first time became accessible to a mass audience because they were smaller and cheaper than first and second generation computers
What is first micro processor? Intel 4004 chip
Which generation of computers led to the development of Internet ? 4th generation
What does GUI stands for? Graphical User Interface
Briefly explain the goal of fifth generation computers? To develop devices that respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self organization
Write down the type of computers used in second generation? Mainframes
What is quantum computations? First proposed in the 1970s, quantum computing relies on quantum physics by taking advantage of certain quantum physics properties of atoms or nuclei that allow them to work together as quantum bits, or qubits, to be the computer's processor and memory. By interacting with each other while being isolated from the external environment, qubits can perform certain calculations exponentially faster than conventional computers. Qubits do not rely on the traditional binary nature of computing. While traditional computers encode information into bits using binary numbers, either a 0 or 1, and can only do calculations on one set of numbers at once, quantum computers encode information as a series of quantum-mechanical states such as spin directions of electrons or polarization orientations of a photon that might represent a 1 or a 0, might represent a combination of the two or might represent a number expressing that the state of the qubit is somewhere between 1 and 0, or a superposition of many different numbers at once. A quantum computer can do an arbitrary reversible classical computation on all the numbers simultaneously, which a binary system cannot do, and also has some ability to produce interference between various different numbers. By doing a computation on many different numbers at once, then interfering the results to get a single answer, a quantum computer has the potential to be much more powerful than a classical computer of the same size. In using only a single processing unit, a quantum computer can naturally perform myriad operations in parallel. Quantum computing is not well suited for tasks such as word processing and email, but it is ideal for tasks such as cryptography and modeling and indexing very large databases.
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